What are some Swedish words with unusual properties?
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Problem
What are some Swedish words with unusual properties?
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Spelling Letter Patterns Entire Word longest word programmeringsfo"rutsa"ttningar (29,1) longest palindrome rattar (6,1) longest beginning with a palindrome Anna alla amma (4,3) longest beginning with b palindrome ? longest beginning with c palindrome ? longest beginning with d palindrome da@d do"d (3,2) longest beginning with e palindrome esse (4,1) longest beginning with f palindrome ? longest beginning with g palindrome ? longest beginning with h palindrome ? longest beginning with i palindrome ini (3,1) longest beginning with j palindrome ? longest beginning with k palindrome ka"k ka@k kik ko"k (3,4) longest beginning with l palindrome ? longest beginning with m palindrome mim (3,1) longest beginning with n palindrome ? longest beginning with o palindrome oro (3,1) longest beginning with p palindrome pdp pip pop (3,3) longest beginning with q palindrome ? longest beginning with r palindrome rattar (6,1) longest beginning with s palindrome sa@s ses sis sos sus (3,5) longest beginning with t palindrome ta"t ta@t tut (3,3) longest beginning with u palindrome ? longest beginning with v palindrome varav (5,1) longest beginning with w palindrome ? longest beginning with x palindrome ? longest beginning with y palindrome ? longest beginning with z palindrome ? longest with middle a palindrome rar (3,1) longest with middle b palindrome ? longest with middle c palindrome ? longest with middle d palindrome radar (5,1) longest with middle e palindrome ses vev (3,2) longest with middle f palindrome ? longest with middle g palindrome ? longest with middle h palindrome aha (3,1) longest with middle i palindrome kik mim pip sis viv (3,5) longest with middle j palindrome aja (3,1) longest with middle k palindrome eke (3,1) longest with middle l palindrome alla (4,1) longest with middle m palindrome ramar (5,1) longest with middle n palindrome Anna (4,1) longest with middle o palindrome pop sos vov (3,3) longest with middle p palindrome apa (3,1) longest with middle q palindrome ? longest with middle r palindrome varav (5,1) longest with middle s palindrome esse (4,1) longest with middle t palindrome rattar (6,1) longest with middle u palindrome sus tut (3,2) longest with middle v palindrome ? longest with middle w palindrome ? longest with middle x palindrome ? longest with middle y palindrome ? longest with middle z palindrome ? longest tautonym berber mormor (6,2) longest beginning with a tautonym ? longest beginning with b tautonym berber (6,1) longest beginning with c tautonym ? longest beginning with d tautonym ? longest beginning with e tautonym ? longest beginning with f tautonym ? longest beginning with g tautonym ? longest beginning with h tautonym ? longest beginning with i tautonym ? longest beginning with j tautonym jojo (4,1) longest beginning with k tautonym ? longest beginning with l tautonym ? longest beginning with m tautonym mormor (6,1) longest beginning with n tautonym ? longest beginning with o tautonym ? longest beginning with p tautonym ? longest beginning with q tautonym ? longest beginning with r tautonym ? longest beginning with s tautonym ? longest beginning with t tautonym toto (4,1) longest beginning with u tautonym ? longest beginning with v tautonym ? longest beginning with w tautonym ? longest beginning with x tautonym ? longest beginning with y tautonym ? longest beginning with z tautonym ? longest head 'n' tail Volvo annan armar avgav dadda elfel mamma pappa samsa sansa ... (5,11) longest with middle a head 'n' tail rar (3,1) longest with middle b head 'n' tail ? longest with middle c head 'n' tail ? longest with middle d head 'n' tail dadda (5,1) longest with middle e head 'n' tail ses vev (3,2) longest with middle f head 'n' tail elfel (5,1) longest with middle g head 'n' tail avgav (5,1) longest with middle h head 'n' tail aha (3,1) longest with middle i head 'n' tail kik mim pip sis viv (3,5) longest with middle j head 'n' tail aja (3,1) longest with middle k head 'n' tail eke (3,1) longest with middle l head 'n' tail Volvo (5,1) longest with middle m head 'n' tail armar mamma samsa (5,3) longest with middle n head 'n' tail annan sansa (5,2) longest with middle o head 'n' tail pop sos vov (3,3) longest with middle p head 'n' tail pappa (5,1) longest with middle q head 'n' tail ? longest with middle r head 'n' tail oro (3,1) longest with middle s head 'n' tail asa (3,1) longest with middle t head 'n' tail satsa (5,1) longest with middle u head 'n' tail sus tut (3,2) longest with middle v head 'n' tail ? longest with middle w head 'n' tail ? longest with middle x head 'n' tail ? longest with middle y head 'n' tail ? longest with middle z head 'n' tail ? Subset of Word longest internal palindrome dragningar fo"redragningar fo"rsvagningar hoptagningar interpretator interpretatorer interpretatorn personalplaneringsdelar promemoria promemorian ... (7,12) longest internal tautonym a@rsperspektiv (8,1) longest repeated prefix mormorsmors (6,1) most consecutive doubled letters ideell ideella ideellt kommitteer reell reella reellt skadeeffekt (2,8) most doubled letters kommitteer labbtillfa"llen labbtillfa"llet omsta"llningstillfa"llet otillfredssta"llande rapporteringstillfa"lle tillverkningssta"lle (3,7) longest two cadence levererera leverereras (4,2) longest three cadence sammanfalla sammanfatta sammankallar sammanlagda sammansatta skalbaggarna (4,6) longest four cadence a"ndringarna atlantpakten attrahera beslutsma"ssighet civilisation distribution fo"ra"ldraga@rd ha@rdvaruservice ha@rdvaruverktyg handlingarna ... (3,33) longest five cadence a"rendehantering anknytningen anla"ggningen anpassningen anva"ndningen formuleringarna granbarkborre ho"gerparenteser inloggningen inriktningen ... (3,21) Letter Counts Lipograms longest letters from first half kemikaliebehandla (17,1) longest letters from second half a@tra@va"rt prototyp storspov torvstro" (8,4) longest without ab produktionsstyrningssystem (26,1) longest without abcd synkroniseringssekvenser (24,1) longest without a to h ma"nniskokropp tullkontorist (13,2) longest without a to k mormorsmors (11,1) longest without a to n a@tra@va"rt prototyp storspov torvstro" (8,4) longest without a to q a@tra@va"rt (8,1) longest without a to s tva"tt (5,1) longest without e anva"ndarsammanslutningar cirkulationstja"nstgo"ring (24,2) longest without et bokfo"ringsgranskning (20,1) longest without eta uppkopplingsfo"rso"k (18,1) longest without etai la"nsskolna"mnds (14,1) longest without etain mormorsmors (11,1) longest without etains blomkrukor dva"rgbjo"rk jordloppor (10,3) Letter Choices Vowels longest all vowels a@a"o" (3,1) longest each vowel once ? longest each extended vowel once ? shortest each vowel once ? shortest each extended vowel once ? shortest vowels in order ? shortest extended vowels in order ? longest vowels in order ? longest extended vowels in order ? shortest vowels in reverse order ? shortest extended vowels in reverse order ? longest vowels in reverse order ? longest extended vowels in reverse order ? longest one vowel dtlkrets (8,1) longest two vowels blixtsnabbt gransknings (11,2) longest containing a univocalic sammankallar skalbaggarna (12,2) longest containing e univocalic reglementet televerkets (11,2) longest containing i univocalic tidningsklipp (13,1) longest containing o univocalic plockkontroll (13,1) longest containing u univocalic slutspurt (9,1) longest containing y univocalic nybyggd (7,1) longest alternating extended vowel-consonant digitaliserade (14,1) longest alternating vowel-consonant digitaliserade (14,1) Consonants longest consonant string a"ngsstrit programmeringsspra@k regeringsskrivelse (6,3) longest one consonant Aurora (6,1) longest two consonant barria"rer intention intuition outtestat preparera (9,5) Isograms longest isogram Ha"gerstalund o"verska@dligt oo"verska@dlig ta"vlingsform tidsluckorna tva@hjulingar (12,6) longest pair isogram gireringen (10,1) longest trio isogram ? longest tetrad isogram ? longest polygram mormorsmors (11,1) longest pyramid anamma fiffig minimi mottot pannan papaya samsas svassa tafatt (6,9) most repeated letters korrigeringstransaktion materialstyrningssystem (9,2) highest containing a repeated anva"ndarsammanslutningar (5,1) highest containing b repeated bearbetningsbeskrivning blixtsnabbt bubbelminne bubbelminnet bubbla bubblorna (3,6) highest containing c repeated Chicago acceleration accelerator acceleratorer accelererad accent accentuera acceptabel acceptabelt acceptabla ... (2,35) highest containing d repeated skra"ddarsydd (4,1) highest containing e repeated beteendevetenskapliga (6,1) highest containing f repeated Friluftsfra"mjandet Friluftsfra"mjandets fiffig fiffigt fiffla fo"ra"ldratra"ff fo"rbluffa fo"rfattarfond fo"rtra"fflighet friluftsfra"mjandets ... (3,12) highest containing g repeated smugglingslagstiftning (5,1) highest containing h repeated hemho"righet (3,1) highest containing i repeated initialisering (5,1) highest containing j repeated jockej jojk jojo projektuppfo"ljningen tjej tjejer (2,6) highest containing k repeated kyrkvakterskan (4,1) highest containing l repeated omsta"llningstillfa"llet (6,1) highest containing m repeated gemensammma (4,1) highest containing n repeated anknytningen anpassningsutrustning anva"ndarfo"reningen anva"ndarsammanslutningar anva"ndningen anva"ndningsomra@den anva"ndningsteknik betalningsbevakningen ledningsdragningen minnesanteckningsar ... (5,16) highest containing o repeated socialantropolog (4,1) highest containing p repeated papperstyp trappuppga@ngar uppkoppling uppkopplingsbega"ran uppkopplingsfo"rso"k uppsluppen vippomkopplare vippomkopplaren vippomkopplarens vippomkopplarna (4,10) highest containing q repeated Nyqvist Osquar Osquarulda Osqulda lindqvist squaw toque (1,7) highest containing r repeated programmerarkretsen programmeringsfo"rutsa"ttningar ra@varuresurser systemprogrammerarkursen (5,4) highest containing s repeated produktionsstyrningssystem programmeringsassistans synkroniseringssekvenser sysselsa"tts (5,4) highest containing t repeated utnyttjandestatistik (6,1) highest containing u repeated maskinvarustrukturer (3,1) highest containing v repeated Ulvsundava"gen Volvo a"rtvivel anva"ndarbeskrivning anva"ndarkravspecifikation anva"ndarutveckling anva"ndarva"nliga anva"ndarva"nlighet anva"ndarva"nligt anvvisning ... (2,130) highest containing w repeated knowhow (2,1) highest containing x repeated xenix (2,1) highest containing y repeated materialstyrningssystem nybyggare nybyggaren nybyggd nybyggnad nyrekrytering produktionsstyrningssystem royalty synonym synonyma ... (2,12) highest containing z repeated intermezzo intermezzot jazz (2,3) most different letters fasfo"rskjutningsproblem (18,1) highest ratio length/letters mormorsmors (275,1) highest ratio length/letters (no tautonyms) mormorsmors (275,1) lowest length 16 ratio length/letters funktionsfo"rma"ga (114,1) lowest length 17 ratio length/letters skolmyndigheterna (113,1) lowest length 18 ratio length/letters Friluftsfra"mjandet a@klagarmyndigheten anva"ndarutveckling befolkningstrycket datorbestyckningen uppdateringsfa"lten uppfo"ljningssystem utbildningslokaler (128,8) lowest length 19 ratio length/letters upphandlingsbehovet va"xlingsfo"rfarandet (126,2) lowest length 20 ratio length/letters a@lderdomsskro"plighet fo"rbrukningsmaterial fo"rbrukningsmateriel kompileringsa@tga"rder ordbehandlingssystem (133,5) lowest length 21 ratio length/letters ha@rdvarubesta"llningar upplysningsverksamhet (131,2) lowest length 22 ratio length/letters fo"rfattningshandbo"cker tra"dplanteringskampanj tra"dplanteringsprojekt (146,3) lowest length 23 ratio length/letters fasfo"rskjutningsproblem (127,1) lowest length 24 ratio length/letters cirkulationstja"nstgo"ring (160,1) lowest length 25 ratio length/letters teckenomvandlingstabeller (156,1) Letter Appearance longest short letters mormorsmors (11,1) longest tall letters liktydigt (9,1) longest vertical-symmetry letters automat maximum oha"mmat (7,3) longest horizontal-symmetry letters dioxid ebcdic ekbock (6,3) longest full-symmetry letters ? highest ratio of dotted letters idioti minimi (50,2) Typewriter longest top row prioritet (9,1) longest middle row flaskhals (9,1) longest bottom row mm (2,1) longest in order uppha"v (6,1) longest in reverse order ba"ttre kaputt va"ggar (6,3) longest left hand Westerberg adressater vedertaget (10,3) longest right hand homonym million minimum monopol oja"mlik opinion polynom (7,7) longest alternating hands provisoriskt (12,1) longest one finger hunn hymn (4,2) longest adjacent keys dessa dress edert freds yttre (5,5) Puzzle longest palindrome in Morse code esse no"ja sans tant (4,4) longest formed with chemical symbols banbeskrivningen replikerbarheten representationer (16,3) longest formed with US postal codes Gunvor Pascal indela inlade inland inviga memoar utdela utlade utland ... (6,12) longest formed with amino acid abbreviations asp pro (3,2) longest formed with piano notes bagage (6,1) Letter Order Alphabetical longest letters in order abort ansta@ begin behov bersa@ besta@ bista@ borst deist dekor ... (5,13) longest letters in order with repeats accent access belopp (6,3) longest letters in reverse order o"vriga poliga trolig utreda (6,4) longest letters in reverse order with repeats utsedda (7,1) longest roller-coaster parameterfa"lten (15,1) longest no letters in place programmeringsfo"rutsa"ttningar (29,1) most letters in place abstraktion akademi akademiker akademin akademisk alldeles anma"lningsblankett anskaffning anskaffningar ansta"llningsnummer ... (3,42) most letters in place shifted kooperativ masterslavetyp operativ operativa operativt ordbehandlingssystem textbehandlingssystem torparstugan upphandlingsbeslut (5,9) most consecutive letters in order consecutively gra"ddstuvad gra"ddstuvade gra"stuva gra"stuvan stuva timmerstuga torparstugan (4,7) most consecutive letters in order gra"ddstuvad gra"ddstuvade gra"stuva gra"stuvan (5,4) most consecutive letters fo"rfattningshandbo"cker (9,1) highest ratio of consecutive letters to length vurst (100,1)
Additional material
[ Editor: Jonas Wallgren's reply, June 1993, to Chris Cole's request
for the layout of the Swedish typewriter, needed for the "Typewriter"
records in this entry. ]
> I need to know where these letters go on the typewriter. Could you
> send me the layout of the Swedish typewriter?
First, some words on characters, codings, ASCII, etc - to explain the
keyboard layout and to give some more information on codings. In
systems with 7-bit characters there are several versions of the ASCII
character encoding - different for different languages. In Swedish
the following mappings are used:
Original character Swedish character
-----------------------------------------
} a with ring
{ a with dots
| o with dots
] A with ring
[ A with dots
\ O with dots
~ u with dots
^ U with dots
` e with '
@ E with '
Note 1: The first 6 letters are used in normal Swedish words. The last
4 ones are only used in family names etc - originally they came from
German and French and they are not treated as special letters, they are
sorted as y(!) and e. Some Swedish computer terminal keyboards have
all these characters, some of them have the first 6 ones - I believe
that normal typewriters have all of them.
Note 2: The Swedish alphabet ends a-ring a-dots o-dots, but look at the
ASCII ordering: { | }, i.e. a-dots o-dots a-ring! Why? Well, maybe,
since that's the correct order in Danish and/or Norwegian, and since
German lacks a-ring ...
Note 3: Either you write Swedish articles and letters, or you write C
and LaTeX programs - not both on the same time - if you only have 7
bits.
There are also standardS (Yes, several ones - ISO, Mac, IBM, ..) for 8
bit character codings:
A table showing the octal codes in some character sets for
some common characters in the larger Scandinavian languages.
+----------------+---------------+-------+-----------------------+
| | IBM Code page | Apple | ISO Standard |
| Character | 437 850 | Mac | 8859-1 646-SE 646-SE2|
+----------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| Left quote << | 256 | 256 | 307 | 253 | --- | --- |
| Right quote >> | 257 | 257 | 310 | 273 | --- | --- |
| Paragraph PA | --- | 364 | 246 | 266 | --- | --- |
| Section SE | --- | 365 | 244 | 247 | --- | --- |
| A-acute A' | --- | 265 | 347 | 301 | --- | --- |
| a-acute a' | 240 | 240 | 207 | 341 | --- | --- |
| A-dieresis A: | 216 | 216 | 200 | 304 | 133 | 133 |
| a-dieresis a: | 204 | 204 | 212 | 344 | 173 | 173 |
| A-grave A! | --- | 267 | 313 | 300 | --- | --- |
| a-grave a! | 205 | 205 | 210 | 340 | --- | --- |
| AE AE | 222 | 222 | 256 | 306 | --- | --- |
| ae ae | 221 | 221 | 276 | 346 | --- | --- |
| A-ring AA | 217 | 217 | 201 | 305 | 135 | 135 |
| a-ring aa | 206 | 206 | 214 | 345 | 175 | 175 |
| E-acute E' | 220 | 220 | 203 | 311 | --- | 100 |
| e-acute e' | 202 | 202 | 216 | 351 | --- | 140 |
| Eth D- | --- | 321 | --- | 320 | --- | --- |
| eth d- | --- | 320 | --- | 360 | --- | --- |
| O-dieresis O: | 231 | 231 | 205 | 326 | 134 | 134 |
| o-dieresis o: | 224 | 224 | 232 | 366 | 174 | 174 |
| O-slash O/ | --- | 235 | 257 | 330 | --- | --- |
| o-slash o/ | --- | 233 | 277 | 370 | --- | --- |
| Thorn TH | --- | 347 | --- | 336 | --- | --- |
| thorn th | --- | 350 | --- | 376 | --- | --- |
| U-dieresis U: | 232 | 232 | 206 | 334 | --- | 136 |
| u-dieresis u: | 201 | 201 | 237 | 374 | --- | 176 |
+----------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
If you see e d v where there should have been a-ring a-dots o-dots,
then the text is written using some ISO standard but the 8th bits have
been stripped off.
Now, finally, at last, the keyboard layout. There are two principles:
- There are some differences in what's placed above the digits when you
compare to an American keyboard.
- The Swedish letters are on the keys usually used for {|} etc if the
system has 7 bits.
On the "old" Swedish computer ABC80 the keyboard looked like this - x1,
x2, etc. are my abbreviations explained below the keyboard layout:
! " # x1 % & / ( ) = ? x2 >
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 + x3 <
Q W E R T Y U I O P x4 x5
q w e r t y u i o p x6 x7
A S D F G H J K L x8 x9 *
a s d f g h j k l xa xb '
Z X C V B N M ; : _
z x c v b n m , . -
x1=The international(?) currency symbol. Looks like a sun with four
rays.
x2=E with '
x3=e with '
x4=A-ring
x5=U-dots
x6=a-ring
x7=u-dots
x8=O-dots
x9=A-dots
xa=o-dots
xb=a-dots
My SUN Sparc keyboard looks like this, where A
BC means that I get B and
A as the usual unshifted and shifted characters and I get C if I
instead of Shift press AltGraph (There is always ONLY shift OR
altgraph, so shifted 4 is "x1" and altgraphed 4 is $):
xc ^
xd ~
! " # x1 % & / ( ) = ? xf
1 2@ 3xe 4$ 5 6 7{ 8[ 9] 0} +\ xg
Q W E R T Y U I O P x4 xh
q w e r t y u i o p x6 xixj
A S D F G H J K L x8 x9 *
a s d f g h j k l xa xb '`
> Z X C V B N M ; : _
< z x c v b n m , . -
xc=1/2
xd=paragraph (section?) - two linked Ss.
xe=pound
xf=prefix `
xg=prefix '
xh=prefix ^
xi=prefix dots
xj=prefix ~
These prefix things work much like ' and ` on the old mechanical
typewriters.
(But since I use LaTeX quite often, and since I have the Swedish
characters on the numeric keyboard, I have remapped my keyboard in such
a way that when I press the a-ring key I get } etc. Since the 8-bit
standard is quite new many people easily read "seagull wings" etc. as
Swedish characters.)
OK, that's it! Any questions?
It's messy...
-- Jonas Wallgren <jwc@ida.liu.se>, Department of Computer and
Information Science, Linkoping University